Ancient Spartan Public Education

Ancient Spartan Public Education T. Rutherford Harley (The Public School of Sparta, Greece Rome, Vol. 3, No. 9 (May 1934) pp. 129-139.) uses Xenophons Polity of Lacedaemon, the Hellenica, and Plutarchs Lycurgus for evidence of the Spartan education system. The following is a summary of the relevant sections of his article with a few more recent references. Upbringing of Children to Age 7 A child deemed worth raising is given to its mother to be cared for until the age of 7, although during the day, it accompanies its father to the syssitia (dining clubs) where it sits on the floor picking up Spartan customs by osmosis. Lycurgus instituted the practice of appointing a state officer, the paidonomos, who puts children in school, supervises and punishes. Children are barefoot to encourage them to move swiftly, and they are encouraged to learn to withstand the elements by having only one outfit. Children are never satiated with food or fed fancy dishes. Schooling of 7-Year-Old Boys At the age of 7, the paidonomos organized the boys into divisions of about 60 each called ilae. These were groups of peers of the same age. Most of their time was spent in this company, according to Figueira. The ilae were under the supervision of an eiren (iren) aged about 20, at whose house the ilae ate. If the boys wanted more food, they went on hunts or raids. So seriously did the Lacedaemonian children go about their stealing, that a youth, having stolen a young fox and hid it under his coat, suffered it to tear out his very bowels with its teeth and claws, and died upon the place, rather than let it be seen.From Plutarchs Life of Lycurgus After dinner, the boys sing songs of war, history, and morality or the eiren quizzes them, training their memory, logic, and ability to speak laconically. The Iren, or under-master, used to stay a little with them after supper, and one of them he bade to sing a song, to another he put a question which required an advised and deliberate answer; for example, Who was the best man in the city? What he thought of such an action of such a man? They used them thus early to pass a right judgment upon persons and things, and to inform themselves of the abilities or defects of their countrymen. If they had not an answer ready to the question Who was a good or who an ill-reputed citizen, they were looked upon as of a dull and careless disposition, and to have little or no sense of virtue and honor; besides this, they were to give a good reason for what they said, and in as few words and as comprehensive as might be; he that failed of this, or answered not to the purpose, had his thumb bit by his master. Sometimes the Iren did this in the presence of the old men and magistrates, that they might see whether he punished them justly and in due measu re or not; and when he did amiss, they would not reprove him before the boys, but, when they were gone, he was called to an account and underwent correction, if he had run far into either of the extremes of indulgence or severity.From Plutarchs Life of Lycurgus Spartan Literacy It is not clear whether they learn to read. [For more on the issue of literacy in Sparta, see Whitley and Cartledge.] Physical Training The boys play ball games, ride, and swim. They sleep on reeds and suffer floggings silently, or they suffer again. Spartans study dance as a kind of gymnastic training for war dances as for wrestling. This was so central that Sparta was known as a dancing place from Homeric times. [For more on the importance of dancing in Sparta, see Dionysiac Elements in Spartan Cult Dances, by Soteroula Constantinidou. Phoenix, Vol. 52, No. 1/2. (Spring - Summer, 1998), pp. 15-30. ] Foster Sons Allowed in Spartan Schools Not only were the schools for the sons of the Spartiate, but also for foster sons. Xenophon, for instance, sent his two sons to Sparta for their education. Such students were called trophimoi. Even the sons of helots and perioikoi could be admitted, as syntrophoi or mothakes, but only if a Spartiate adopted them and paid their dues. If these did exceptionally well, they might later be enfranchised as Spartiates. Harley speculates that guilt may be a factor here because the helots and perioikoi often took in the children that the Spartiates had rejected at birth as unworthy of rearing. From Agoge to Syssitia and Krypteia At 16 the young men leave the agoge and join the syssitia, although they continue training so they can join the youth who become members of the Krypteia (Cryptia). Krypteia The passage from Plutarchs Life of Lycurgus: Hitherto I, for my part, see no sign of injustice or want of equity in the laws of Lycurgus, though some who admit them to be well contrived to make good soldiers, pronounce them defective in point of justice. The Cryptia, perhaps (if it were one of Lycurguss ordinances, as Aristotle says it was), Gave both him and Plato, too, this opinion alike of the lawgiver and his government. By this ordinance, the magistrates dispatched privately some of the ablest of the young men into the country, from time to time, armed only with their daggers, and taking a little necessary provision with them; in the daytime, they hid themselves in out-of-the-way places, and there lay close, but, in the night, issued out into the highways, and killed all the Helots they could light upon; sometimes they set upon them by day, as they were at work in the fields, and murdered them. As, also, Thucydides, in his history of the Peloponnesian war, tells us, that a good number of them, after being singled out for their bravery by the Spartans, garlanded, as enfranchised persons, and led about to all the temples in token of honors, shortly after disappeared all of a sudden, being about the number of two thousand; and no man either then or since could give an account how they came by their deaths. And Aristotle, in particular, adds, that the ephori, so soon as they were entered into their office, used to declare war against them, that they might be massacred without a breach of religion. Sources: The Public School of SpartaT. Rutherford HarleyGreece RomeVol. 3, No. 9 (May 1934) pp. 129-139.Cretan Laws and Cretan LiteracyJames WhitleyAmerican Journal of ArchaeologyVol. 101, No. 4. (Oct. 1997), pp. 635-661Literacy in the Spartan OligarchyPaul CartledgeJournal of Hellenic StudiesVol. 98, 1978 (1978), pp. 25-37.Mess Contributions and Subsistence at SpartaThomas J. FigueiraTransactions of the American Philological Association (1974-) Vol. 114, (1984), pp. 87-109

Should Canada legalize prostitution

Should Canada legalize prostitution Introduction Prostitution remains a debatable issue in Canada, with the country facing constitutional challenges as to the legal provisions, addressing the matter. While the law criminalizes prostitution, there are groups of people who have been fighting to have sex workers’ rights recognized by the country’s constitution. As a signatory to several international organizations, protecting marginalized groups, Canada is faced with the hurdle of considering the rights of this group of people.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Should Canada legalize prostitution? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Others believe that legalizing such activities would widely protect the rights of prostitutes since the society does not recognize them (EFC 4). On the other hand, opponents of this school of thought argue that all efforts have to be gathered to minimize the demand for prostitution. If these challenges are co nsidered, Canada would fully legalize prostitution by eliminating sections of the criminal code, which criminalize prostitution. How does one become a prostitute? Most analysts argue that people consider prostitution as a last resort, and it is therefore, considered to be unsafe and indecent. Arguments against prostitution have always been based on the insecure nature of services associated with prostitution, and that money, which is earned through this channel, is illegitimate. Additionally, sex workers are highly prone to different forms of violence, including physical and sexual, mental and the high risk of contracting deadly diseases like hepatitis, sexually transmitted infections and AIDS, among others (EFC 5). Moreover, prostitution is seen to be a dehumanizing behavior, which is compared to pornography. In other words, it mainly focuses on the sexual dimension of a person, thus creating a corrupt perception of people and their rightful position in the society. Is it morally r ight? Even though prostitution is considered to be a source of livelihood by those who support it, it demeans human character and self-worth. What is the position of Canada on prostitution? According to the Canadian constitution, all activities related to prostitution are illegal, even though prostitution is not criminalized. Under the country’s law, prostitution is addressed under three sections, 210 to 213. Subsections 212 (1) (j) and 213 (1) (c) have significantly received criticism from sections of the public, arguing that they go against the rights of sex workers in the country. The latter subsection criminalizes all activities, which are related to prostitution. On the other hand, subsection 213 (1) (c) of the constitution targets communication among prostitution, while purchasing sexual services (EFC 5).Advertising Looking for research paper on law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Subsection 213 (1) (c) of the constitution was introduced and enacted as law in 1985, and mainly illegalizes the use of public offers by prostitutes when looking for clients to purchase sexual services. The main purpose of this introduction was to penalize those purchasing and those offering the services. However, most cases handled attack prostitutes more than the clients who are served. When caught, prostitutes are charged and allowed to serve a jail term in accordance with the decision of the presiding court. For example, the percentage of men who were charged for publicizing their services translated to 47% between 1986 and 1995, even though the percentage of women who were charged harshly rose exponentially. 39% of women were charged and imprisoned for the offence, with only 3% of men were charged for similar communicating offences (EFC 6). Importantly, this approach ushered a two-tiered system, which mainly focused on-street prostitution, with that practiced in massage parlors, and clubs received m inimal coverage of the law. Legalization of prostitution refers to a change in the regime, which would remove all sanctions leveled against prostitution and its related activities. This would also see the Canadian government indulge in the regulation of commercial sex. The implication of such developments would mean that the government would become the main regulator of the industry, just the way it regulates other sectors of the economy like tourism and hospitality. It would further mean that the state draws laws to cover the industry and craft certain frameworks, regarding its operations and management (EFC 6). For instance, some of the government laws would include mandatory examination of sex workers, issuance of operating licenses and designation of certain areas, for the selling and purchasing of sexual services. Even though the laws are not created by sex workers, law makers usually make these provisions to protect the rights of sex workers; they are therefore, designed for p rostitutes. What are the benefits of legalizing prostitution in Canada? Proponents of prostitution in Canada assert that the step would be essential in reducing levels of discrimination in the society. In general, sex workers are viewed as social misfits, and are therefore, not allowed to interact with others freely. Based on their deviation from what the society perceives to be right, they are less appreciated and treated in a manner that lowers their dignity to almost nothing (EFC 6). As a result, the lives of many are dominated with loneliness and low self-esteem. Importantly, sex industry is perceived to be a major source of revenue in improving the country’s economy. For instance, the government would collect taxes from all operating prostitutes, which would later be used to expand other sectors of the economy. Besides taxes from all sex workers, it is argued that legalization of prostitution in Canada would require registration and licensing, which would equally become a source of revenue for the government. Through this regulation, some of the people in the industry would get discouraged, thus quitting the business (EFC 7). Another benefit of legalizing prostitution is for ensuring the security of all sex workers. As mentioned before, sex workers are usually exposed to high levels of risks. Oftentimes, they are faced with all forms of violence, including sexual and physical violence. Physical violence includes cases where prostitutes are attacked on the streets and beaten for their activities, which are considered to be immoral and unacceptable in the society.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Should Canada legalize prostitution? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, some are attacked and assaulted sexually by gangs, thus putting their safety at risk (EFC 4). Legalization of the industry would therefore, guarantee protection of all sex workers from any form of dis crimination. With regard to their health, legalization would ensure that they have access to safe ways of operating the business without contracting killer diseases like AIDS. Conversely, it has been argued that there are enough reasons to criminalize prostitution. For instance, it is immoral and inhuman. Based on ethical teachings, any form of sexual immorality is wrong and has to be condemned in the strongest terms possible. It lowers ones dignity as it goes against what is perceived as normal in the country. Additionally, prostitution has been blamed for contributing towards new cases of AIDS infection (EFC 7). Most prostitutes are sexually exposed to the risk of contracting related infections. From the above analysis, it is evident that the issue of prostitution in Canada remains contentious and has to be handled with sobriety before a final decision is taken. EFC. â€Å"Selling Ourselves: Prostitution in Canada Where are we Headed?† The Evangelical Fellowship of Canada, 2010. Web.

Case Study - Provide a network solution Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

- Provide a network solution - Case Study Example This of course will see the need for other subsidiary components such as routers, network interface cards, and custom-made software that will facilitate the smooth operation of the overall network. Because these changes on Alpha Omega Industries are likely to bring up high set up costs, cloud computing is recommended as method that will help in cutting down the cost of set up on the system. Cloud computing involves the use of resource required by the system whereby this resources are obtained through hosted services found in the internet. This will help Alpha Omega Industries concentrate more on other developmental projects rather than spend a lot of time and resources in setting up the infrastructure ( Zhang, 2005). In short, cloud computing will enable Alpha Omega Industries outsource most of its hardware and software services. It will also allow Alpha Omega industries’ applications performing faster due to less traffic as compared to an Ethernet network. This will see the c ompany reduce its maintenance cost and facilitate the rapid adjustment of its IT infrastructure depending on the ever-changing industry demands (Barreiros, 2010). In order to implement cloud computing to its operations, Alpha Technologies will have to use the cloud facility as on demand software otherwise known as Software as a service(SaaS), whereby the providers of this service will demand a subscription fee from Alpha Omega Industries. This is of economic essence because as Ross writes, cloud-computing enables a business to allocated funds that would otherwise be used as operation costs, in accomplishing other IT objectives (Zhang, 2010). Due to the sensitive nature of data that might be stored in the file servers of Alpha Omega Industries, a hybrid cloud is the most recommended platform for the company. The hybrid cloud incorporates both local and cloud storage. The high hybrid cloud part of storage will run within the corporate firewall and will only be accessible to the firmâ €™s branches in Miami, Florida, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Frankfurt, Germany, Dubai, UAE, and Shanghai, China whereby they will access files remotely through a network to an object based storage. For this case, the private cloud will be under the control of the IT department. File Servers and File Sharing For the file servers, Alpha Omega Industries will incorporate the use of a hybrid cloud file server, which is a multiuser user system, which will have features such as file locking, activity auditing for the purpose of security and file locking. It will be achieved through storing archived data in the cloud storage and maintaining customer information in the in house fie storage servers (Barreiros, 2010). This will enable the organization take advantage of the cost effectiveness and scalability facilitated by this approach of storage. The most appropriate public cloud storage facility for Alpha Omega Technologies industries would be Amazon Simple Storage facility (Amazon s3). A c loud storage gateway will be necessary for the purpose of incorporating the hybrid cloud as it will make the cloud appear as a local storage device thereby making it possible to perform any necessary protocol translation. The hybrid cloud platform will enable the organization’s divisions share files in a more efficient and streamlined manner. It will be implemented through synchronizing of files in the main file server storage and the hybrid cloud giving regard to

Employee Motivation and Job Satisfaction Assignment

Employee Motivation and Job Satisfaction - Assignment Example This research will begin with The Profiles Interviewed Employees. The selected employees for the interview are Frank and Janet (these are not their real names for purposes of concealing their identity). Frank is a chief accountant to Nestle at the headquarters in Vevey, Switzerland. Frank has joined Nestle six years ago, by then as the cost accountant. Three years later, the management promoted him to the position of the chief accountant. Frank, therefore, has an experience of six years as the accountant of the company and three years as a chief accountant. Janet is the overall marketing manager of Nestle. Initially, Janet was the production unit supervisor for four years after joining the company, but because of her remarkable performance, the management promoted her to the general marketing manager and posted her at the headquarters in Switzerland. Janet has five years experience as a marketing manager. Start of the Interview Interviewer: Particularly concerning the number of years you have worked for this company, why have you not left this company to work for a different organization?   Interviewee: The main reason for my extended stay in this company is the motivation that I get from my employer. I have my own intrinsic motivation; that is, the internal desires to produce the best. The company has enabled me to develop positive attitudes towards my work through the extrinsic motivation it offers through bonuses, rewards, recognition, and promotions. Interviewee: Have you ever encountered any problem of receiving your benefits because of your race or gender? Interviewer: No, I think the company has very strict policies to counteract any form of discrimination among the workers. Interviewer: Do you believe that your working in this organization has a meaning? Interviewee: Yes, I do. Working for this company promises a bright future for me and my family. I am fully satisfied with working here because my job tallies with my profession. I am contented with what I receive from here, and I am ready to work here until my retirement age. Interviewer: Does Nestle provide you with opportunities to grow and develop as a professional and as a person? Interviewee: The company is excellent is providing the best opportunities for professional and personal development. The company has a program for allowing employees study leaves and grants financial support for employees who want to advance their careers. There is a pension scheme program where every employee is deducted a certain proportion of income and paid to them upon retirement. Interviewer: Are there any feedbacks you would expect to receive from your company in relation to your performance that you are not receiving? Interviewee: I think I receive

Alien Social Scientist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Alien Social Scientist - Essay Example I wanted to understand why westerners spend so much time and energy on their physical grooming. What is the reason how they appear to their peers is so important for them? Therefore, in western cities like Miami which is flooded with people from a wide range of ethnicities, the residents mostly have no scarcity of basic necessities (like food) and hence have ample leisure time and money to spend towards other activities involving glamour and beauty. People in western cities like Miami try vigorously to maintain their status which often is a combination of physical appearance (even if they are obtained artificially through surgeries and waxing) and financial resources. The citizens here are motivated to keep the momentum going by looking great and acting decent. From small kids to adults, each person was willing to walk the extra mile to ensure that they attract recognition and prestige as per their respective plans (University of Alberta). I was surprised to see young people in Great er Miami so obsessed with beauty that they could spend hours in one still position without moving while applying makeup with the sole aim of the colleagues adoring their appearance. This patience is mostly observed while tattooing. Even men invest in shaving, grooming, expensive fashionable clothes, creams and cosmetic products and shoes.

US Attitudes to Mental Illness

US Attitudes to Mental Illness Mental health is one of the primary issues that substantive open deliberation has not been connected to have a decisive concession to what really should be finished. Belittling alludes to the incomplete treatment of individuals because of their conditions. It essentially alludes to the segregation of people on account of different reasons or angles; which might possibly be supported. Mental criticism is one territory which it truly has not been sure about the societal ramifications and to the casualties. This is the thing that a great many people would say that they are supported to discriminate people who need discernment in their subjective procedures. Regardless of whether this verbal confrontation holds, the way that it is ethically and legitimately expected that one treats a man with balance in spite of their status, identity or whatever other components makes the open deliberation on defended separation invalid and void,. There has been a broadly adequate civil argument in the United States that as more collection of information is created; the comprehension of dysfunctional behavior continues moving. There has been a documentation of the 1980s comprehension of the mental instabilities which was predominantly in light of manifestations, for example, anorexia and different indications that have been reliably connected with mental psychopathy. The suggestion was that science was mostly utilized as a part of comprehension the dysfunctional behaviors and this was subsequently of the learning that was being advanced by researchers. This information however should be comprehended relying upon the part it played in having the scattering of this psychopathic learning to whatever remains of the world. To put it plainly, there was a westernized comprehension of dysfunctional behaviors and a wide range of maladjustment was seen and translated relying upon the western way. There has been one contention that the general population have kept on missing all through. This is the part of the general public in comprehension mental health. There has been level headed discussion that has demonstrated individuals keep on missing out on the societal desires of mental health and other related considers this maladjustment face off regarding. This is on account of culture has been predictable in deciding mental health. The general populations perspectives, elucidations and desires are what are critical in having an unmistakable comprehension on psychopathology (Ryan, 2010). At that point the present circumstances have everything except moved in having the level headed discussion on dysfunctional behavior put into viewpoint. For example, what is the suggestion when a school youngster goes on a murdering spree because of issues, for example, terrible child rearing among different cases that the general public has constantly sustained? Fear based oppression is one of the principle calculates that have been reliably been connected with mental instabilities. This is one of the fundamental substitutes that have been faulted consistently for the condition. The other element is that the American culture has been reliably neurotic over the open deliberation on psychological well-being with the greater part the general public having revealed that they have encountered maybe a couple types of mental well-being. Researchers have deciphered this as fear and it remains a matter of question on whether this will bring about a state of acknowledgment or more vilification of the populace. The conclusion on this verbal confrontation is that the societal desires have kept on outweighing science in deciphering the mental level headed discussion in US and this is the thing that has been the fundamental calculate driving the move. References Watters, E. (2010, January 09). The Americanization of Mental Illness. Retrieved February 08, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/10/magazine/10psyche-t.html Ryan, P. (2010). Editorial. The P. (n.d.). Journal of Mental Health Training, Education Practice., 5(4), 2-3.

Contributions of Thomas Jefferson :: essays research papers

In the year 1800, Thomas Jefferson succeeded John Adams and became the next President of the United States. When coming into office he had numerous ideas of how he wanted to have the country run. Also, in being the front man to the Republican Party he had several people supporting those ideas. However, Jefferson soon realized that not all of his ideas would be able to be incorporated into the government as simply as he assumed and furthermore that some of his ideas were not as great as the assumed. Nevertheless, although Jefferson may not have lived up to all of his campaign promises and the expectations of his party, he did use his time as president efficiently and developed the new reputation of the United States. Jefferson was called â€Å"The Man of the People† with his philosophy of government being to put more power into the hands of the people and limiting the power of government. He was concerned that high taxes, standing armies, and civic corruption could demolish American liberty by giving too much authority to the government. Moreover, Jefferson thought common liberty required a common good and to put this ahead of one’s personal wellbeing and make sure to keep the government from growing out of control. He thought the most honorable citizens were the knowledgeable farmers and that cities were a breeding ground for those who would pose a threat to liberty. This was because men who relied on merchants or factory proprietors for employment could manipulate their employees’ votes, as opposed to farmers who were their own bosses. To a degree Thomas Jefferson was pragmatic when it came to foreign affairs. As an alternative to doing what his political party anticipated him to do he would make decisions based on the â€Å"common good† of the country. For instance, in 1803 when Jefferson was in the midst of his plan to rid America of its national debt, he bought the Louisiana Territory from Napoleon Bonaparte for $15 million, which was nearly the price of the national debt he was trying to dispose of. Being realistic Jefferson bought it because it was a bargain to pay for nearly doubling the size of the United States, made it so the U.S wasn’t sandwiched between Britain and France during the Napoleonic Wars, and acquired New Orleans. However, most Federalists opposed the purchase and Americans didn’t get a chance to vote on whether or not to buy it.

Tensile Hair Strengh

Once the hair had been rated or not it was then carefully placed in a sticky note to be wrapped up, making sure not to twist or bend the hair. Weights were then hung of the hair to test the strength of each, once snapped the amount they could hold was recorded. Null hypothesis: Hypothesis: There is a significant positive correlation between the strength of hair that has been heated and the strength of hair once it has been conditioned. Research: Human hair is a natural fiber that is made up largely of a protein called keratin, 80% of hair is formed by this protein.Keratin contains a high concentration of sulfur which is produced from the amino acid Sistine. Rationale: Many women and some men are obsessed with hair care routines and mirroring sleek shiny hair styles like celebrities. The fixation with malignantly shiny hair and being able to alternate between styles has had a massive effect on the cosmetic Industry. With a number of people using straightness, curling Irons or hairdrye rs dally many cosmetic companies such as Tiresome and Pentane have benefited from creating products that help create this look and malting healthy hair.Although the companies claim that these products work this Investigation will look Into whether or to the products actually help maintain strong healthy hair or if once the hair has Variables: Independent variables: * If the hair is treated with conditioner or not – controlled by making sure to separate the treated group from the untreated group and not containment. Dependent variables: * The size of weight – controlled by using the same size weights each time (each weight was log) and making leg weights to make it more precise. To make the leg weights they were measured on a scale that was accurate to 0. 1 g Control variables: * Amount of time in oven – controlled by using a stopwatch to be sure that the hair as heated for a precise amount of time * Amount of time in conditioner – controlled by using a ti mer, didn't want one strand of hair receiving longer time in treatment than others as may cause an anomaly if one hair was stronger than the other * The person who's hair was used – controlled by using the hair from the same person, also making sure the hair hadn't come to any previous damage from dying the hair or daily usage of heat appliances.Preliminary work: For the preliminary investigation I started by gathering my samples of hair from the bottom of the scalp at the very back of the hair. The hair had been washed the night before to ensure that any dirt or hair oil had been washed out, however conditioner had not been used. Once the hair had been removed I measured each length along a ruler to make sure each was the same length, each piece of hair was then cut to CACM long. To make sure my results were more reliable the hair was also cut from the bottom of the strand so that all the hair was the same and because the bottom of the hair was already weak this was cut off. In total I had 20 pieces of hair each cut to CACM. Once this process was complete I divided the hair into two groups . Hair that would be heated – this was marked by a section of the paper it was laid out on having an orange mark. Paper it was laid out on having a red mark. After being divided into the two different groups I heated both groups with hair straightness (GAD). The ceramic plates heat up to 204. 4 degrees Celsius, although the straightness get extremely hot I realized there was room for human error.The length of time that the straightness spent on the strand of hair could differ between each length and on each section of the hair due to the time that the straightened was pulled along. Due to there being a high percentage of human error I used a different technique to heat up the hair to eradicate it. Instead of heating the hair with straightness I decided the best way to get the same heat across the whole length of hair and all the strands of hair was to heat them in the oven.I set the oven temperature to 205 degrees Just slightly higher than the God's, once the oven was heated to the temperature set I quickly put the strands of hair into the oven trying to decrease the time the oven door was open and so decreasing the amount of heat that the oven lost. After timing the hair in the oven for 2 minutes I took the hair out and started to test the strength of the hair against results I had taken previously from hair that hadn't been heated to make sure that there was some change when heated. The results hadn't changed much and so I decided to heat the hair for five minutes.Once the hair was heated for five minutes I divided the two groups. Once separated into two groups the hair was laid on separate pieces of paper each color coded to ensure I didn't mix the ones that would be treated and the ones that wouldn't. I then kook all the strands from group two and using my fingers coated them in conditioner. Improvements: The advantage of doing a prel iminary test enabled me to assess any errors that could implement the final results and also to check if the methodology I was using would be suitable for this investigation.The hair had originally been heated by using hair straightens however there was considerable room for human error due to how long each strand of hair was in contact with the irons. The improvements made on heating the hair was to heat them collectively in the oven, the time they were kept in he oven was also tested during the preliminary to ensure they received the same amount of heat as a strand of hair would when being treated with a heat appliance.

Titians altarpieces in the church of the Frari Venice essays

Titians altarpieces in the church of the Frari Venice essays Titians Pesaro and Assunta. Altarpieces in the church of the Frari, Venice. What was the importance of these two altarpieces for the development of painting in Venice, both from a stylistic and iconographic point of view? It has been said that Titians Assunta, which adorns the high altar, and Pesaro (on the left aisle of the chapel of the Immaculate Conception) stand mid-way between the past and the future of Venetian painting. This infers that Titian drew on established traditions learnt from his masters Bellini and Giorgione, and imbued his works with a freshness and inspiration not seen before. Furthermore, it becomes apparent that his sensitive construction of the works considering the authority of his patrons facilitate a depth of interpretation which highlight both the sacred and civic concerns of the time. To illustrate Titians progressive role in Venetian art history, I will draw on Renaissance documentation, and contemporary research that notes the stylistic and iconographic elements of these altarpieces. In 1568 the Florentine chronicler Vasari wrote of Titian, Titian...who has adorned with great pictures the City of Venice...deserves the love and respect of all craftsmen, who ought to admire and imitate him in many things. For he is a painter who has produced...work which...will live as long as the memory of illustrious men endures . This is a useful starting point for such an investigation: this representation is valid, since Vasari had met and spoken to him while writing the book, and being a Florentine he wasnt so susceptible to employing the Venetian rhetoric which could tend to be biased The contemporary chronicler Ludovico Dolce recorded the shock and criticism the Assunta attracted when it was first unveiled. Such controversy points to its radicalism and supports assertions that it was influential for developing artists: For all [the panels gr...

4 Email Newsletter Examples and How to Effectively Emulate Them

4 Email Newsletter Examples and How to Effectively Emulate Them Every business owner (or marketer) knows that email marketing is one of  the best marketing channels today when it comes to ROI (an average ROI of $38  for every $1 spent). Knowing this, you’ve probably already started your own email list and have worked to grow it. You know the best times to send an email, and have played around with different email marketing ideas  to effectively reach your subscribers. According to Jeff Bullas, not all emails are created the same. Top performing marketing departments have 2.5x more ROI  than the average. What makes those emails different from the average? It’s a mix of a few factors- such as engagement and personalization- that marketers put a lot of work into getting right. In 2015, increasing subscriber engagement  was the top initiative for marketers when it came to email marketing, while for 2017, personalization  was a top concern. Even if you are getting good results from your current email marketing campaigns, there are certainly things that you can try to do even better. Let’s take a look at some top email marketing examples to draw inspiration from. Tool Tip: Did you know integrates with leading email service providers, so you can manage entire marketing campaigns all on one calendar? See how you can get more organized. Table of Contents: Spotify Uber Buzzfeed Dominos Spotify As a business that is well-known for their success in reaching users with personalized content, you can learn a lot about email marketing from Spotify. Every year, Spotify creates an end-of-year playlist for each of their subscribers and sends an email informing them about it. The email contains user-specific data showing the their most-played songs, top artists/genres, the total time they've spent listening to music on the platform, as well as the days they are most active during the week. The email finishes off with a link to the playlist Spotify made for them. Needless to say, users love this end-of-year wrap up and demonstrate their giddiness by sharing their results with friends, online. Source: https://www.impactbnd.com/hs-fs/hubfs/spotify%202016%20email.png?t=1519345402521width=727height=5152name=spotify%202016%20email.png 4 Email Newsletter Examples and How to Effectively Emulate Them for Your Business by @shane_barker...What You Can Learn From Spotify: The power of personalized content. Something as basic as a personalized subject line can increase email opens by 26%. Furthermore, personalized emails can deliver 6x higher transaction rates  and 74% of marketers report that personalized emails increase engagement. 4 Ways Make Your Emails More Personalized With Spotify as your guide, here are some tips to create more personalized emails: Automate emails to take action after triggers. According to Campaign Monitor, automated customer journeys are about sending the right information at the right time. Doing so shows the customer that you are paying attention- a resource that is otherwise in short supply! By immediately taking action right after a customer interacts with your website, you are helping them to reconnect and remember you. Leverage dynamic content. Some email marketing software providers offer a dynamic content  feature, which allows you to determine which users get to see a specific block of content. Adidas did this during a campaign for their Originals series. Male subscribers were shown the menswear collection, and the women were shown the womenswear collection. By doing this, subscribers were exposed to products of the most relevance  to them. Source: https://www.campaignmonitor.com/assets/uploads/2016/02/Personalized-content-sections.gif Here's another version for women: Source: https://www.campaignmonitor.com/assets/uploads/2016/02/Personalized-content-sections.gif Integrate with other sources of data, such as your Facebook Insights data, CRM, or ecommerce platform. This allows you to create richer customer profiles that include things such as behavioral data and purchase history- not just demographics. Segment your email list. Personalization isn't just about delivering personalized content. It’s also about determining what content is most apt for a certain group (also known as targeting or segmentation). Targeted emails result in a 14.32% higher open rate  and 100% higher click rate than non-targeted emails. Marketers have noted that segmented campaigns have brought in 760% more revenue  than non-segmented campaigns. Segmented emails also increase customer retention, and lead to more engagement  and sales. Recommended Reading: The Best Way to Organize an Effective Email Marketing Strategy How to Segment Your List There are several ways to segment your email list; do what makes most sense for your business. For ecommerce shops, here are some ways to segment your email list: New customers Repeat customers Inactive customers (haven't purchased or interacted with the business in a long time) Product interest (by gender category or type of product frequently purchased) Demographics (gender, age, income) Website behavior. Research from Mailchimp shows that segmenting according to online behavior increased email clicks by almost 16% Lead magnet used to sign up What can you learn about #email #marketing from Spotify? Uber Uber often sends emails to alert subscribers of promotions, deals, and news. Whatever the message, their emails are always consistent with their minimalist branding. Part of Uber’s success lies in their strong brand consistency. For one, their emails are designed  simply. There aren't too many busy elements that will distract the reader from the email’s main goal. Having a lot of white space in an email campaign gives the reader a visual break and allows them to focus or zoom into where you want them to be paying attention. Uber’s content is straightforward for the people that skim emails, but they also have a longer version available for those that want to know more about what they're sharing. The short content complements a clear call-to-action  (CTA). Source: https://d3ukzap5f2wa8d.cloudfront.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/23074121/erica-guest-post.png Check out this email newsletter example from @uberWhat You Can Learn from Uber: Keep your email design simple and stay true to your branding. A simple design won’t distract from your CTA. Keep the CTA short and straightforward so that those that receive your emails will immediately take action. Recommended Reading: The Email Copywriting Process You Need to Get More Conversions 8 Ways to Optimize your CTA Use verbs or action-oriented text, and make sure it is interesting. Don't use boring, generic words like â€Å"submit†, â€Å"enter† or â€Å"click here†. Be specific  about the actions you want customers to take, such as â€Å"download the free ebook here!† versus just saying â€Å"download†. Make your CTA short. No one wants to read a long line of text. Campaign Monitor  says 2-3 words are good- try to keep it under 5 or 6. Ensure your CTA is seen. A simple and clean design will help highlight the CTA but you still have to ensure that it is seen. Make it large enough to get noticed but not too large that it would appear obnoxious. Try using a contrasting color to really make it pop. Use the first person. A study from Unbounce showed that changing the CTA from the second person to the first person resulted in a 90% increase  in click-through rate. Try changing â€Å"download your free guide† to â€Å"download my free guide†. Create a sense of urgency. Sales 101: People respond to scarcity and need to be told what to do next, so tell them to â€Å"get it now!†. Have at least two CTAs: one above the fold, and one at the bottom of the email. There will always be people that skim emails, so you want to be able to convert them, too. A/B test to determine which CTA practices work best for you. What can #email #marketers learn from Uber? Buzzfeed Buzzfeed is a company that strives to create content that people want to share. While they are best known for their kick-ass, quirky, and punchy content, their content scope is wide enough to also include some investigative journalism pieces. In an interview with Buzzfeed’s former director of newsletters, Dan Oshinsky, he shares that when he started out at Buzzfeed, it was difficult for readers to subscribe to Buzzfeed’s newsletter, and as a result, there weren’t many subscribers on their email list. To change that, they’ve worked hard to shine the spotlight on the value of opting in to their newsletters,   throughout their entire website. One of the ways they did this was by creating content specifically to promote newsletter signups, like the article, â€Å"19 cute ways the BuzzFeed Animals newsletter will ruin your day.† As a result, they’ve amassed over 1 million subscribers in a year. Although their strategy for getting  subscribers is commendable, what’s more commendable is how they've retained  their email subscribers. They do this through the use of interesting subject lines and preview text. This is important, as 69% of people report emails as spam  based on subject lines alone. Conversely, 35% of people decide to open emails based on subject lines alone. Source: https://dg0i88et9d9ko.cloudfront.net/sites/default/files/styles/inline_large/public/buzzfeed-email-example.png?itok=2BpFrWwX Check out this email newsletter example from @BuzzfeedThe aforementioned example involves a slightly weird subject line that will intrigue those who receive the email. Additionally, many of BuzzFeed’s emails are accompanied by interesting preview text related to the subject line. Sometimes, when they use questions as a subject line, these are followed up by answers. For direct commands, like in this next example, the preview text shows the next logical statement: Source: https://blog.hubspot.com/hs-fs/hub/53/file-363501538-png/Blog-Related_Images/buzzfeed_inbox.png?noresizet=1519429416527width=669name=buzzfeed_inbox.png What You Can Learn From Buzzfeed: Have short but interesting subject lines, since there are people that decide to open emails based on subject lines alone. You can follow this up with equally interesting or catchy preview text. Tool Tip: Test every subject line before you hit send with 's Email Subject Line Tester. 3 Ways to Improve Your Subject Lines Personalize them. As mentioned previously, a personalized subject line can increase email opens by 26%. Keep them short. 67% of all emails are opened on mobile devices. Although Mailchimp  found that there is no statistical link between email opens and subject line length, it is recommended that subject lines be 50 characters or less to make it easier for your recipients to read it on their mobile phones. Test subject lines. Many email service providers, such as Mailchimp and Campaign Monitor, provide easy access to A/B testing tools. Read ’s guide on how to write the best email subject lines  for more in-depth information on how to test your email subject lines. What can #email #marketers learn from Buzzfeed? Domino’s According to a Litmus survey, interactive emails are the top trend for email marketing in 2017. Interactive emails allow users to take action within an email that triggers an event within the same email. These interactions can surprise and delight the customers and can take the form of: Quizzes, polls, or surveys Dropdown or navigation within an email A photo gallery, carousel, or video Shopping carts Real-time news updates GIFs As for an example, Domino’s sent subscribers an interactive email to promote their new Italiano range. Making it more interactive made it more fun than just sending in a photo of all five pizzas. Additionally, it invited the users to engage with it. Source: https://www.impactbnd.com/hs-fs/hubfs/E8aFsMipSH.gif?t=1519518876495width=960name=E8aFsMipSH.gif Check out this email newsletter example from @dominosWhat You Can Learn From Domino’s: An interactive email is more fun than the standard fare and invites engagement from your recipients. Making an interactive email does not have to be complicated; you can start off with GIFs. Just make sure that whatever you do is tested across common email clients and is optimized for mobile! Recommended Reading: How to Make an Email Newsletter Your Customers Will Love 3 Ways to Increase Interactivity in Emails Incorporate surveys, polls and reviews. Some travel sites (like Expedia or Booking.com) will send a post-stay survey asking you how your room was. They’ll offer a few choices for you to rate the room, and when you click on the choice, they will ask more questions or direct you to an external website where you can fill out the survey. It’s better to capture survey results from within the email because once you start redirecting to another page, the customer may give up on responding. Combine rewards with your interactive content to motivate customers to open these emails. Send digital scratch,  peel, tear, or sliding cards connected to discounts or freebies. Companies like Zembula  can help you to incorporate interactive email content. This tactic encourages customers to engage with the email before they receive a discount. Include video. Video is expected to comprise 80% of all internet traffic by 2019. At the same time, people are tired of the clutter that too much content brings. Video, as when used in a website, also brings increased click-through rates and ROI when used in email. â€Å"The University of Minnesota has seen as much as a 40% increase in click-through rates  when they include a video in their email newsletters, and Wistia reports a staggering 55% increase!†, reports Colby Cavanaugh, SVP of Marketing for Emma.

Summary Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary - Movie Review Example The above issues were explained with the help of graphics and pictures taken from supermarkets, restaurants, and the food packaging or processing industries. The name of the film, Food Inc reminds us the heavy industrialization of food products in the modern era. The film starts with the pictures taken from the supermarkets in order to make us aware of the various food products currently used in America. The film starts in this manner in order to show us the origin and processing of this food items. The music and the sound used in this film are suitable to the occasions and it gives us a pleasant background for watching of this movie. The major visuals used in this film are animals/birds and their meats. Americans are very much interested in non-vegetarian foods like beef, chicken, pork meat etc and hence the film was more focused on such items. Bright and dark colors were used sparingly to make the viewers more aware of the positives and negatives of American food industry. The usag e of light also was in such a way that the viewer may get enough insights about the current American food industry. This movie can be regarded as a piece of investigative journalism in which the industrialization of food items was mentioned. The major aim or theme of this movie is to make the public aware of how smartly the foods were being processed in America in order to make them for safe eating. At the same time, the movie reminds us the dangers in taking foods like chicken which were farmed to fatten in 45 days and grow bigger with the help of chemicals and hormones. Even though most of the times, the movie deals with the positive aspects of American food industry, at times it also shows troubling scenes of the American food industry. This film is capable of forcing the viewers think twice before taking any foods from American restaurants. The major message given by this movie to the viewers is that it is the American

Answer the question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Answer the question - Essay Example urniture is covered, then the furniture should be part of the sale – only in so far that a definite and accurate amount is expressly indicated and agreed upon by both parties. Accordingly, the legal course of law on negotiations and contract discloses that â€Å"a contract is legally binding only if its terms are sufficiently definite to enable a court to understand the parties’ obligations†¦ Restatement (Second) of Contracts  § 33(2) (1981) (reveals that) if an alleged agreement is so indefinite as to make it impossible for a court to fix the legal obligations and liabilities of the parties, it cannot constitute an enforceable contract† (TERMS OF CONTRACT MUST BE DEFINITE TO ASSURE ENFORCEABILITY pars. 1 & 2). In this regard, if the parties cannot resolve their dispute, all the more the court cannot determine the price for them; since the stipulation of a price that would be amenable to both would be subject to diverse factors including the time frame, fair market value and the date within which the parties have to agree on the indicated